Gukata neza cyane gusya birashobora kurangiza inshuro eshatu akazi k'ibikoresho bisanzwe mugihe kimwe mugihe bigabanya ingufu za 20%. Ntabwo ari intsinzi yikoranabuhanga gusa, ahubwo ni itegeko ryo kubaho mubikorwa bigezweho.
Mu mahugurwa yo gutunganya, amajwi adasanzwe yo guhinduranya urusyo ruza guhura nicyuma bigize injyana yibanze yinganda zigezweho.
Iki gikoresho kizunguruka gifite impande nyinshi zo gutema zishushanya ibintu byose uhereye ku tuntu duto twa terefone ngendanwa kugeza ku ndege nini mu gukuraho ibintu neza ku gice cyakazi.
Mugihe inganda zikora zikomeje kuzamuka zigana muburyo bunoze kandi bunoze, tekinoroji yo gusya irimo gukora impinduramatwara ituje - imashini ya bionic inganda yo gusya yakozwe na tekinoroji yo gucapa 3D yoroheje, ariko igihe cyayo cyikubye kabiri; igifuniko cyongerera ubuzima igikoresho 200% mugihe cyo gutunganya ubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
I. Gusya ibyingenzi shingiro: ibisobanuro nagaciro kingenzi
Gukata urusyo nigikoresho kizunguruka gifite amenyo imwe cyangwa menshi, buri kimwe murimwe gikurikiranye kandi mugihe kimwe gikuraho ububiko bwibikorwa. Nka gikoresho cyibanze mu gusya, ikora imirimo ikomeye nko gutunganya indege, intambwe, ibinono, gukora ubuso, no guca imirimo.
Bitandukanye no gukata ingingo imwe muguhindura, gusya gusya bitezimbere cyane imikorere yimashini mugukata kumanota menshi icyarimwe. Imikorere yacyo igira ingaruka itaziguye kubikorwa, kurangiza hejuru, no gukora neza. Mu kirere, icyogajuru gikora cyane gishobora kuzigama kugeza 25% byigihe cyo gukora mugihe cyo gutunganya ibice byububiko bwindege.
Mu gukora ibinyabiziga, imashini isya neza igena neza neza ibice byingenzi bya moteri.
Agaciro kingenzi ko gusya gukata kari muburyo bwiza bwo guhuza ibintu byinshi kandi neza. Kuva kuvanaho ibintu byihuse muburyo bugoye kugeza kubutaka bwo gutunganya neza, iyi mirimo irashobora kurangizwa mugikoresho kimwe cyimashini muguhindura gusa ibyuma bitandukanye byo gusya, bikagabanya cyane ishoramari ryibikoresho nigihe cyo guhindura umusaruro.
II. Imiterere yamateka: ubwihindurize bwikoranabuhanga bwo gusya
Amateka yiterambere yo gusya yerekana impinduka zikoranabuhanga mu nganda zose zikora imashini:
1783: Injeniyeri w’Abafaransa René yaremye icyuma cya mbere cyo gusya ku isi, afungura ibihe bishya byo guca amenyo menshi.
1868: Icyuma cya Tungsten alloy ibikoresho cyabayeho, kandi umuvuduko wo kugabanya warenze metero 8 kumunota kunshuro yambere.
1889: Ingersoll yahimbye icyuma cyo gusya ibigori byahinduye impinduramatwara (imashini isya spiral), yinjiza icyuma mu mubiri wa oak, gihinduka prototype yo gutema ibigori bigezweho.
1923: Ubudage bwavumbuye karbide ya sima, yongera umuvuduko wo guca inshuro zirenze ebyiri icyuma cyihuta.
1969: Hatangijwe ipatanti yubuhanga bwo guhumeka imyuka ya chimique, byongera ubuzima bwibikoresho inshuro 1-3.
2025: Ibyuma bya 3D byacapwe bionic gusya bigabanya kugabanya ibiro 60% kandi bikuba kabiri ubuzima bwabo, bikarenga imipaka gakondo.
Udushya twose mubikoresho nuburyo butera iterambere rya geometrike muburyo bwo gusya.
III. Isesengura ryuzuye ryo gusya gutondekanya ibyiciro hamwe nibisabwa
Ukurikije itandukaniro ryimiterere nimikorere, gukata gusya birashobora kugabanywa muburyo bukurikira:
| Andika | Ibiranga imiterere | Ikoreshwa | Inganda zikoreshwa |
| Kurangiza urusyo | Gukata impande zombi zuzengurutse no mumaso yanyuma | Gutunganya no gutunganya intambwe | Gukora ibicuruzwa, imashini rusange |
| Gukata mu maso | Umurambararo munini cyane-isura yanyuma | Ubuso bunini bwihuta gusya | Imodoka ya silinderi yimodoka nibice bigize agasanduku |
| Gukata uruhande no mumaso | Hano hari amenyo kumpande zombi no kuzenguruka | Igiti cyiza no gutunganya intambwe | Hydraulic valve blok, kuyobora gari ya moshi |
| Imashini irangira | Gukata igice cya kabiri | Gutunganya ubuso bwa 3D | Ibyuma by'indege, imyenge |
| Gukata ibigori | Gahunda ya spiral yo gushiramo, umwanya munini wa chip | Gusya cyane ibitugu, gusya cyane | Ibice byubatswe mu kirere |
| Yabonye icyuma gisya | Uduce duto duto dufite amenyo menshi hamwe nu mpande zombi zo gutandukana kumpande zombi | Gutobora cyane no gutandukana | Uduce duto duto dufite amenyo menshi hamwe nu mpande zombi zo gutandukana kumpande zombi |
Ubwoko bw'imiterere bugena ubukungu n'imikorere
Intangarugerogusya: Umubiri ukata hamwe namenyo byakozwe muburyo bumwe, hamwe no gukomera, bikwiranye no gutunganya diameter ntoya
Gukata gusya bitondekanya: gusimbuza ibiciro gusimbuza insimburangingo aho kuba igikoresho cyose, kibereye gukomera
Gukata gusya gusya: inama ya karbide yasuditswe kumubiri wibyuma, ubukungu ariko ibihe bigarukira
3D icapye bionic imiterere: igishushanyo mbonera cyubuki bwimbere, kugabanya ibiro 60%, kunoza ihindagurika
IV. Igitabo cyo Guhitamo Ubuhanga: Ibipimo by'ingenzi bihuye n'ibisabwa gutunganya
Guhitamo icyuma gisya ni nka muganga wanditse imiti - ugomba kwandika imiti ikwiye kugirango imeze neza. Ibikurikira nibintu byingenzi bya tekiniki yo guhitamo:
1. Guhuza diameter
Gukata ubujyakuzimu ≤ 1/2 igikoresho cya diameter kugirango wirinde gushyuha no guhindura ibintu. Iyo utunganya ibice bya aluminiyumu yoroheje, ni byiza gukoresha urusyo ruto rwa diameter kugirango ugabanye imbaraga zo guca.
2. Uburebure bwumubare numubare wibyuma
Gukata ubujyakuzimu ≤ 2/3 by'uburebure; kubikomeye, hitamo ibyuma 4 cyangwa bike kugirango umenye umwanya wa chip, no kurangiza, hitamo 6-8 kugirango uzamure ubwiza bwubuso.
3. Ubwihindurize bwibikoresho
Icyuma cyihuta: gukomera cyane, bikwiranye no guhagarikwa
Carbide ya sima: guhitamo nyamukuru, kuringaniza gukomera no gukomera
Ceramics / PCBN: Gutunganya neza ibikoresho bya superhard, guhitamo kwambere ibyuma bikomeye
HIPIMS itwikiriye: Ipitingi nshya ya PVD igabanya inkombe yubatswe kandi ikongerera ubuzima 200%
4. Gutezimbere ibipimo bya geometrike
Inguni ya Helix: Mugihe utunganya ibyuma bitagira umwanda, hitamo inguni nto ya helix (15 °) kugirango wongere imbaraga zuruhande.
Impanuro: Kubikoresho bikomeye, hitamo inguni nini (> 90 °) kugirango uzamure inkunga
Ba injeniyeri b'iki gihe baracyafite ikibazo nikibazo cyigihe: uburyo bwo gukora ibyuma byoroshye nkamazi atemba. Igisubizo kiri mumurabyo wubwenge kugongana hagati yicyuma nubwenge.
[Twandikire kugirango ukata kandi usya ibisubizo bikata]
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-17-2025
